The empirical formulas of all of the high explosives in Table 4.1 were entered in the online Aldrich catalog of common laboratory and industrial chemicals and polymers. If elemental formulations are considered, few common chemicals would be mistaken for explosives. It also contains some other explosive types for comparison. Table 4.1 provides a summary of high explosives that would be relatively simple to prepare or that could reasonably be obtained by a determined individual. The diversity of molecular features found in explosives suggests that a consideration of the elemental compositions might lead to new or improved detection approaches. May be added to solids such as ammonium nitrate, which have excess oxidizing power, in order to increase the explosive yield. Reductants (e.g., aluminum powder, fuel oil) For example, Semtex is a blend of cyclomethylenetrinitramine (RDX) and PETN. Mixtures of high explosives are frequently used. High explosives consist of an intimate mixture of oxidant and reductant, either within a single molecule, such as nitroglycerin, pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), trinitrotoline (TNT), or triacetone triperoxide (TATP), or within an ionic solid, such as ammonium nitrate, when mixed with fuel oil. The devastating shock wave that accompanies detonation of a high explosive (HE), results in widespread damage and loss of life.
Several such explosives, as well as some plasticizers and taggants found in plastique explosives, are listed in Table 4.1 along with their abbreviations.
1, 2 The problem of terrorism and suicide bombers, however, narrows the focus to high explosives.
While few chemicals find use as military explosives ( Table 4.1), these can be combined with platiscizers and other materials to create a plethora of formulations.
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